Metal sash casement and frame



Sept 15, 1942- c. R. NAGEL 2,295,681.

METAL SASH CASEMENT AND FRAME Filed s ept. so, 1940 Y 2 sheets-sheet 115, 1942- c. RQNAGEL 2,295,681-

METAL SASH CASMENT AND FRAME Filed Sept. 30. 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2Patented sept. is, 1942 x UNITED STATES PATENT omoscasses; f Marax. sasncassnmr ann raamt chuleemehuanml, mamies, cdu.

Application september so, 194e. serai Ne. asalto s claim. (ci. iss-1e)My invention relates to a metal sash and metal frame construction foruse in windows. doors and the like whether having glass in the sashoropaque panels. The sash is of a type that may be employed either slidingsuch as double hung sash for a window or as hinged easement sash.

In many types of metal sash for windows or for folding opaque panels,the design does not permit the glass or panel to'be held in place byglaziers points or glaziers nails prior to retaining the glass in placeby putty and further most of the metal sash for engaging glass or panelsrequires bending operation by the person iitting the glass or panels inthe metal sash. In'other types of construction the edge of the glass orlpanel nts quite snug into a channel shaped to engage the edge and twosides of the glass in which case the channel must be substantially thecorrect size and some type of padding utilized in contact with theglass. i

Inother typesthemetalof thesashisinthe form of quite a wide channel withthe edges of the sides curled inwardly and forming a resilient contactwith the glass but these structures unless the channel is illled withsome suitable material do not adequately retain the glass in place andsome of them in fact require a wood filler, the metal of the sash beingin effect a covering for such filler.

A main object and feature of -my invention'as it relates to theconstruction of the sash proper is in providing anedge support orcentering construction for the sheet of glass or panel to engage theedges of such sheet or panel having a resilient .t

iiange-like member contacting the glass or panel on one side on a linespaced from the base. On `the opposite side I also have a second flangeshorter than the ilrst and preferably curled outwardly ,at its edge,this also being adapted to engage the glass near the base. Both flangeshowever are yieldable and the second flange due to the curl provides aguide for driving a glaziers point or glaziers nails which cause awedging outwardly of the second flange, then putty may be illled againstthe glass at such second flange embedding the glaziers points and thusproducing a finished sash made in a simple manner. As a further detailfeature of my invention the sash as to .the bottom and top rails and thetwo stiles and main construction of the meeting bar if such is used areconstructed from sheet material made with an outwardly facing channelwith the web inwardly and two outwardly extending sides and formedintegral with each side is the first and secbend. this giving theresilient construction to the l through a perforation of the websengages the outer tace of the panels or glass and this may be coverm inwith putty. My invention also comprehends such details as a meeting railfor sliding sash formed by an outside resilient strip engaging the lowerrail oi the upper sash. Qther features include a cover for the top railformed of metal and being used as a device ior vertically sliding thesash. Otherfeatures include forming a irame of sheet metal bent inchannel form with a reverse bend as to one iiange so that these may bebuilt up forming guideways for sliding sash. With this construction oneof the guideways may be crimped around the outside of bars of the railsor stiies ofthe sash and thus Abe used in easement sash where it isnecessary to have sumcient stiiening.

My invention is illustrated in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevation oi a window illustrating my invention appliedthereto taken the direction oi the arrow i of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the window ontheline-t of Fig. l.

Fig. S is a horizontal section on the line 8--3 of Fig. 2 showing one cithe stiles and the side guides for the window, the top and bottom railsoi the sash being of a similar construction.

Fig. .d is a detail section through a sash bar on thc line -li oi Fig. linthe direction of .the

arrows.

Fig. 5 is an elevation of easement sashas taken fromthe inside in thedirection oi' the arrow 5 of Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on the line6-6 of Fig. 5 in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 'I is a section through one of the stiles and may be considered anenlargement of one of the stiles as shown in Fig. 6.

Referring iirst to the sash construction desigso natedv bythe assemblynumeral il, this is made up oi.' top and bottom rails and two stiles,each formed substantially as follows being provided with an outwardly:facing channel I2 having'a web I3 and two sides identified as Il andI5.

ond flange being connected thereto by a reverse From. the side I4 thereextends a long flange I6 connected by a sweeping reverse bend Il. Thishas the inneredge I8 spaced a considerable distance from the base I3. Asecond ange I9 ex tends from the side I5, there being a sweeping curve20 similar to the curve Il. This ilange has an outward flare or curl 2lterminating at an edge 22, this edge being but slightly spaced inwardlyof the sash from the web I3. This second flange is thus considerablyshorter than the rst flange.

In fitting a pane of glass such as 245, note Fig. 3, the glazlerproceeds much in the ordinary or conventional manner. The web I3 and theange iS :may be considered as forming a rabbet over which is smoothed acoating of putty indicated by the body 26. This thus forms a thin filmof putty along the .web I3 completely around the opening of the sash.The outward curl 2| of the flange I9 and its edge 22 are so proportionedthat they allow the glass pane to be fitted through the opening formedby the outline of the edges 22 and bed the glass on the putty smoothedinto the rabbet. A series of glaziers points 2l are then driven betweenthe ilange I9 and the base It of the outwardly facing channel. These.points or glaziers nails press against the outer face of the glass paneand cause a wedgingaction which forces both flanges slightly outwardlyfrom contact with the web, that is, the glass pane is forced inwardlysufcient to bend the web I from the dotted to the full line position ofFig. 3 and the ,driving in oi'f the points wedge the outer flange ISfrom the dotted to the full line position of the same ligure. The glasspane is thus firmly held in position for the glazier to nish 'puttyingat his convenience. The outer nish of putty 2B is lined up fwith theedge 22 of the curl ES and some of this putty is forced into the spacebetween the side I5 of the channel Ii and the flange is, thus the paneof glass is adequately bedded in putty but the edge I8 o'f the flange Ie has a contact with the inside of the glass pane. As the mlter jointsare made in the conventional manner, these are not illustrated indetail, the sheet metal lbeing soldered or brazed at the joints, orother suitable construction.

Where it is necessary to have sash bars, these are constructed as shownin. 4 in which the sash bar 35 is formed of a strip of sheet metal bentto have two parallel webs 36 with a reverse bend 3l causing such webs tobe but slightly spaced. Each web has a flange 38 forming an acute angle39 with the web. The two webs have aligned circular perforations orslots d. This is to accommodate a resilient locking -pin la which has acentral bent section Ml and two opposite end portions d5 which bear onthe opposite sides of the glass panes. In this constructionthe anges 38engage the inside face of the two panes oi glass, the locking pins orkeys d3 retaining the glass on the outside and then a bedding of putty46 forms the finish.- This trims off with the putty coat 28. These sashbars are mitered and soldered to the stiles and the rails of the sash ina conventional manner.

Where I desire to use the sash for window closure of the sliding sashtype, I construct this as shown in connection with Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Aconvenient manner to retain the sash in adjusted positions when open orto hold up the upper sash is by the use of leaf springs 5U, note Figs. land 2,

in. which one end is secured to the web I3 fitting in the channel l2.The hump is bowed outwardly and the other end slides on the web. Thesesprings engage retaining devices on the sides of the window frame orthespace of the Vchannels 2 agencer The window frame assembly 55 employsguide i channels 56 for the stiles, these having a web 5l, a singleflange 58, a double llange 59 having a reverse bend G0 and an outerlocking flange BI. These channels are assembled as shown in Fig. 3, theharige 58 of one channel fitting inside of the locking flange I. At thesill 65, a single angle is used :for an inner flange S6 and a sillflange Sl. At the lintel or top of the window there is a lintel ilange'l having a water drip downwardly extending ilange II and a horizontalflange l2 secured to the lintel of the window frame. By thisconstruction it will beseen that the sliding sash may be iitted in theguides formed -by the channels 56 and thus slide vertically. One or bothof these may be readily removable in case it is desired to take the sashcompletely out of the window. Y

vFor double hung or sliding sash I employ a meeting rail assembly l5.This includes a sheet metal strip, note Fig. 2, having a horizontalheader 'le and a resilient outside strip l?, there being a curled ringergrip edge l@ on the inside. A cap for the upper sash 8@ has a similarbend I6 and linger grip i8 but has the downwardly curled' edge BIsoldered or brazed. to the outer short flange I9. When the sash are inthe closed .position as shown in Fig. 2, the resilient strip Il ridesslightly upwardly over the reverse bend il on to the lower portion ofthe flange iS on the bottom rail of the upper sash, thus giving an airtight joint connection and having a sumcient resiliency restraining anyrattle of the sash often caused by wind.

For double hung sash I have a simple sash lock 35. This includes a hinge8b fwith a xed leaf @l attached to the upper sash on one of the stilesand has a moving leaf 88 which may be swung over the cap l5. Instead oryusing the outwardly l facing part of the channel I2 in the stiles tobottom rail thus employing the channel structure.

I2 with the flanges I6 and is as shown in Fig. 7. In this case howeverin order to stien the construction and provide a definite binding on theedge and closure for the frame of the sash, I use channels substantiallythe same as used for the guides of the window frame assembly 55. Infact, one -of these channels properly bent provides an enclosing channelI00 with a web II, a single flange H32 on one side, this preferablylapping the flange i6 and a double flange |03 overlapping the flange I9.These inwardly bent ilanges of the covering channel are attached to theframe member by solder or brazing indicated at IM. This makes a rigidstructure and encloses the outwardly facing channelsxl2 at both of thestiles and the top and bottom rail. The sash bars may be of the sameconstruction as shown in Fig. 4 and built in the easement sash in thesame way.

A suitable frame or easement sash for attachment to the window frameindicated at II is formed of sheet metal' having a flat base III forattaching to the-Stiles of the window frame to the sill and to thelintel if desired. This has a illustration shows asash for opernrgoutwardly l asit is' the usual practice to have the putty on the outsideoi the window where it is subject to the weather. if the sash is toswing inwardly on its hinge, of course the frame itil would be reversedand the hinge secured to the harige it@ of the enclosing channel dei?.

It is believed obvious that the metal sash as above described andillustrated is suitable for mounting panels as well as glass and byproper proportions as to the size of the outwardly facing channels I2,may be constructl for dierent thicknesses of glass, quite a variation inthe thiclrness of panels and everior quite thick sheet metal panels, theprinciple of construction being substantially the same. En fact, wheredesired, putty may be entirely omitted andinstead of using a series ofglaziers points or glaziers nails, a. strip of metal may be drivenbetween the curled flange I9 and the base i3 `of theupwardly facingcha-n nel I2. This strip would then be as indicated by 21 in Fig. 3 asto cross section.

A characteristic or the side members of the sash is that the outwardlyfacing channels should have a rounded web or base. These may thus beconsidered as U shaped channels, It is not necessary however that thebase be a semi-circle. The outer edge 22 of the flange i@ extendsslightly inwardly. of the line of the inner portion of the base. Thiscurl orare 2i should be quite sharp. This construction thereforeprovidesva space and a curved surface on the base for starting aglaziers point. These are usually pressed outwardly as to theglass paneand parallel aloner the side of the pane. The leading end of'theglaziers point or lnail is then deected outwardly by the joining cornerof the base" i3 and the ange "i and follows along the insidefof theresilient flange i9. When va pane of glass is thus held in place by theglaziers points or nails,

' l claim:

l. A metal sash having side members each with an outwardlyiacing'channel having a base and two opposite parallel sides, a rstilange connected to one side by a reverse bend extendingv inwardlybeyond the base, a second flange connected to the other side by areverse bend and having an outward curl positionedslightly in" wardly ofthe base, each harige converging towards the corner formed by the sideto which it is attached and the base.

2. A sash construction including in combination a metal channel having abase with out-f wardly extending sides, a hrst resilient' flangeconnected to uhe rst side by a reverse bend, a second resilient angeconnected to the second side by a second reverse bend, a panel centeredadjacent the base, the horst harige engaging the panel on one side, oneor more retainers tted between the second ange and the second side ofthe channel, said retainers engaging the panel by a lever action on theside opposite that engaged by the first iiange and a bedding oi puttyengaging the panel and covering the retainer, the edge line Vof theputty being dened by an edge of the second harige.

- 3. A metal sash having a base adapted to be positioned opposite theedge of a pane, a ange connected to one side thereof projecting inwardlybeyond the base to forni an abutment against which one side of the panemay be' positioned,

there is thus a point o! leverage indicated by i putty. The putty ortheequivalent of course is. necessary to make a water-proof glazing fortheV window.v In cases where interior .panels or glass is used, ametallstrip may be substituted for the,

glazierspointsand will have thesame action of retaining the panel inplace due tothe spring` of the two anges i8- and I9' towardseach other,

and a second flange connected to the other sideof the base but notextending inwardly as far as the first Bange so as to permit o insertionof the pane, said second hange being yieldably biased to cooperate withthe base to clamp glaners points therebetween.

4. A metal sash'having a rbase adapted to be positioned opposite theedge of a pane, a ange connected to one side thereof projecting inwardlybeyond the base to form anabutment against which one sidevof the panemay be positioned, and a second flange connectedto the other side of thebase but not extending inwardly as far as the first ange so as to permitof the insertion of the pane, said' second harige being yieldablyvbiased to cooperate with the base to lclamp glaziers pointstherebetween, said second ange g a laterally' bentl inner edge sewing asal sides being reversely bent at their outer ends to tance than theother, and the other of the anges l having its inneredge approximatelytransversethis dependingv on' .the rise of metal, the panels may bereadily retained in place whether or not putty is used.

, Various changes .nay be made in the details' ly even with the basewhereby, a pane may be inserted in the sash within the shorter flange.

and-abutted against the longer flange.

6. A metal sash having a base adapted to be positioned opposite the edgeof a pane, outwardly extending sides at the sides `of thebase, saidsides being reversely bent at their outerends to provide inwardlyextending yieldable anges, said flanges converging inwardly and normallycontacting the sides of the base, one of the flanges projecting inwardlyazgreater distance than the otherto form an' abutment for a pane, theother ilange cooperating'with the side of the base to clamp glazierspoints therebetween.

'LA metal sash having a base adapted to be positioned oppositethe edgeora pane, outwardly V extending sides at the 'sidesof the base, saidvsides being reversely bent attheir outer ends to provide inwardlyextending yieldable flanges, said flanges converging inwardly andnormally y contacting the sides of the base, one of the flangesprojecting inwardly a greater distance than the other to form anabutment for a pane, the other flange cooperating with the side of thebase to clamp glaziers points therebetween and serving as a ground forputty.

8. A metal sash having a base adapted to be positioned opposite the edgeof a pane, outwardly extending sides at the sides of the base, saidsides being reversely bent at their outer ends to provide inwardlyextending yieldable anges, said :Ganges converging inwardly and normallycontacting the sides of the base, one of the flanges projecting inwardlya greater distance than the other to form an abutment for a pane, theother flange cooperating with the side of the base to clamp glazierspoints therebetween, and having its inner edge laterally bent to serveas a ground 10 for putty.

